Q# is Microsoft’s open-source programming language for developing and running quantum algorithms. It’s part of the Quantum Development Kit (QDK), which includes Q# libraries, quantum simulators, extensions for other programming environments, and API documentation. In addition to the Standard Q# library, the QDK includes Chemistry, Machine Learning, and Numeric libraries.

Q# is a programming language which is similar to C#, Python etc. It supports procedural model for writing programs with loops, if/then statements, and common data types. It also introduces new quantum-specific data structures and operations.

The QDK is a full-featured development kit for Q# that you can use with common tools and languages to develop quantum applications that you can run in various environments. Q# programs can run as a console application, through Jupyter Notebooks, or use a Python or .NET host program.

You can run your quantum programs on a full-state quantum simulator.

Microsoft guide to develop with Q#